Aortic diseases refer to conditions that affect the aorta, the largest artery in the body that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body. Some common aortic diseases include aortic aneurysms, aortic dissection, and aortic valve disease. These conditions can be caused by a variety of factors, including genetics, high blood pressure, atherosclerosis, and trauma. Diagnosis and treatment of aortic diseases often involve imaging tests, medications, lifestyle changes, and surgery. Research in this area focuses on understanding the underlying causes of aortic diseases, improving diagnostic techniques, and developing more effective treatments to improve patient outcomes.